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USS ''Nicholson'' (DD-982), a ''Spruance''-class destroyer, was the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for a family which was prominent in early American naval history, including James Nicholson, the senior Continental Navy Captain, and Samuel Nicholson, the first captain of USS ''Constitution''. == History == ''Nicholson'' was laid down on 20 February 1976 by the Ingalls Shipbuilding, in Pascagoula, Miss.; launched on 11 November 1977; and commissioned on 12 May 1979. She first deployed on 18 November 1980. Nicholson deployed to the Persian Gulf in 1983 and returned to Charleston SC via the Suez Canal with a refueling stop in Djibouti. The crew enjoyed a port visit to Barcelona, Spain on the way back to home port. The ship encountered heavy seas on the voyage west across the Atlantic and experienced a casualty to the sonar dome. The dome was subsequently repaired in conjunction with a scheduled maintenance period at the Brooklyn Navy Shipyard between May 1984 and Feb 1985. Following the maintenance period the ship returned to Charleston, SC and began work ups for the next deployment including, Combat Systems Ship Qualification Trials, an Anti-Submarine warfare exercise in the Caribbean and Refresher Training in Guantanamo Bay Cuba. ''Nicholson'' was deployed for six months, in February 1990, with USS ''Dahlgren'', as part of the Mid-East Force in the Persian Gulf. The deployment was fairly routine except for two incidents. The first was a pair of armed Iranian F-4s that overflew the ship in the Straits of Hormuz, and the second was that ''Nicholson'' and ''Dahlgren'' left the Persian Gulf for home just a week before Iraq invaded Kuwait. ''Nicholson'' was deployed for six months, in January 1992, as part of NATO's Standing Naval Force Atlantic. NICHOLSON joined the NATO task force in the Puerto Rican Opareas and detached in Den Helder, Netherlands. Port Visits included Roosevelt Roads, Puerto Rico; St. Maarten, DVI; Boston, MA; Halifax, Nova Scotia; Tromso, Norway; Bergen, Norway; Den Helder, Neth; Antwerp, Belgium; Oporto, Portugal; Rosyth, Scotland; Frederikshavn, Denmark; Aarhus, Denmark; and St Johns, Newfoundland. NICHOLSON served as flagship for the second half of the deployment under a US Admiral, RADM Dwyer, USN. During the first half the force was under the command of a Dutch Commodore. Other ships in the task force were Norway – Frigate – HNoMS Oslo (first half); Canada – Frigate – HMCS Skeena (entire cruise); Portugal – Frigate – NRP Vasco da Gama (first half); Britain – Frigates – HMS Brave (first half) and HMS Exeter (second half); Netherlands – Frigate – HNLMS Jacob Van Heemskerck (first half) and HNLMS Bloys van Treslong (second half); Denmark – Frigate – HDMS Olfert Fischer (second half); Germany – Frigates – FGS Niedersachsen (first half) and FGS Rheinland Pfaltz (second half). ''Nicholson'' was deployed, in early 1994, with USS ''Saratoga'', as part of Task Force 60 in the Persian Gulf, Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea in support of operations "Deny Flight," "Provide Promise" and "Sharp Guard". As part of a reorganization announced in July 1995 of the U.S. Atlantic Fleet's surface combatant ships into six core battle groups, nine destroyer squadrons and a new Western Hemisphere Group, ''Nicholson'' was reassigned to Destroyer Squadron 18. The reorganization was to be phased in over the summer and take effect on 31 August, with homeport shifts occurring through 1998. ''Nicholson'' departed the Charleston Naval Shipyard for sea trials, on 29 September 1995, following completion of an overhaul. ''Nicholson'' carried with it the distinction of being the last ship overhauled in the 94-year history of the shipyard as the Charleston Naval Shipyard was closing as a result of the base realignment and closure process of 1993. The ship did not return to the shipyard at the end of sea trials but proceeded to a new home port of Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia. The shipyard's official closing took place on 1 April 1996. ''Nicholson'' arrived at her new home port of Norfolk on 6 October 1995. On 10 December 1996, ''Nicholson'' departed Norfolk Naval Shipyard for a scheduled six-month deployment to the Middle East Force. She, along with the USS ''Halyburton'', relieved Norfolk-based USS ''Stump'' and Pascagoula, Mississippi-based USS ''Stephen W. Groves'', then deployed in the Persian Gulf. ''Nicholson'' took part, with the USS ''Enterprise'' carrier battle group in a Sink Exercise (SINKEX) near Puerto Rico on 9 August 1998, resulting in the sinking of the former USS ''Richmond K. Turner''. The SINKEX developed the battle group's coordination of combined air and surface assaults, verified the performance of several weapons systems and enhanced the integration of joint units into naval battle scenarios. During the exercise, the USS ''Philippine Sea'', USS ''Thorn'', ''Nicholson'' and Carrier Air Wing Three also sent a parade of high-altitude, anti-radiation missiles, Harpoon anti-ship missiles and an assortment of laser-guided munitions to the decommissioned cruiser. The United States Air Force participated with a trio of 2,000-pound bombs. ''Nicholson'' deployed with the ''Enterprise'' carrier battle group, with Carrier Air Wing Three (CVW 3) embarked, for a scheduled six-month deployment on 6 November 1998, and to relieve the USS ''Dwight D. Eisenhower'' carrier battle group in Operation Southern Watch. With the ''Enterprise'' CVBG, ''Nicholson'' took part in Operation Desert Fox, an operation designed to degrade Saddam Hussein's ability to deliver chemical, biological and nuclear weapons, and wage war against his neighbors, from 16 to 18 December 1998. During the 70-hour assault, ''Nicholson'' launched Tomahawk cruise missiles on Iraqi targets. Following this, and after departing the Persian Gulf on 2 January 1999, and transiting through the Suez Canal, ''Nicholson'' joined U.S. 6th Fleet and took part in Operation Allied Force, launching Tomahawks at numerous sites in Yugoslavia. She returned home on 6 May 2000. ''Nicholson'' and the fast combat support ship USS ''Detroit'' were involved in a minor collision on 27 August 2000 about 100 miles east of Cape Henry (east of Norfolk). The collision occurred at approximately 8:45 pm local time while the ships were conducting a night underway replenishment. Initial reports indicated minor damage to both ships. Two ''Nicholson'' sailors also suffered minor injuries. Both ships were still seaworthy after the incident. ''Nicholson'' deployed with the ''Enterprise'' carrier battle group and USS ''Kearsarge'' Amphibious Ready Group (ARG) for a scheduled six-month deployment. This was the 17th overseas deployment for ''Enterprise'' since her maiden voyage on 12 January 1962. The ''Enterprise'' CVBG and ''Kearsarge'' ARG relieved the USS ''Harry Truman'' CVBG and USS ''Nassau'' ARG, which deployed in November 2000. Though the ''Enterprise'' battle group departed on 25 April 2001, ''Nicholson'' and ''Thorn'', scheduled as late-deployers, and USS ''McFaul'' joined the battle group after departing in June. Over the following six months, all these units conducted multi-national and joint operations with navies of various European countries, and visited ports in Mediterranean and Persian Gulf nations. The ships and squadrons returned home in November 2001. ''Nicholson'' was decommissioned 20 December 2002; stricken 6 April 2004; and sunk as a target 30 July 2004. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Nicholson (DD-982)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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